What Is Asbestos?

Overview

Asbestos is a toxic, dangerous and prolific natural product that has caused tens of thousands of deaths. Every citizen should be aware of its dangers, how it was used and the risks that it still poses today.

Here are some important facts about asbestos:

• Used extensively for over a dozen decades in countless industrial capacities all over the world
• Naturally occurring ortarineral mined from the ground in Canada, the United States and dozens of other countries
• The sole cause of a deadly and rare type of cancer called mesothelioma as well as other diseases
• Responsible for tens of thousands of deaths each year globally
• Still being mined and distributed throughout the world
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Despite the well-known, researched and documented health risks, it is still being used today. Additionally, the substance still resides in many products and buildings that were constructed throughout the 20th century, so the risks of exposure are still high today.

What Is It?

As an eminent product of the industrial revolution and beyond, it was believed to be a highly valuable material for, among many reasons, its versatility and light.

Though light, it’s an exceptionally durable material. It’s composed of layers of fibers, each with their own composition of millions of further microscopic fibrils. These fibers together create a virtually indestructible material.

5 Types

The EPA classifies 6 different minerals as “asbestos”. All 6 types are known human carcinogens, meaning they are toxic to human health.

Asbestos minerals have two broad classifications: serpentine and amphibole. The only member of the serpentine class is chrysotile.

Also called white asbestos, chrysotile is composed of long, curly fibers that are considered more flexible or malleable than other types. Chrysotile is not only a prolific building material in pre-1980s buildings, but it’s also been used as a material woven into industrial-strength fabrics and upholsteries.

Amphibole type has 5 different subtypes:

1. Amosite
2. Crocidolite
3. Tremolite
4. Anthophyllite
5. Actinolite

Of these 5, only amosite and crocidolite are used extensively for commercial purposes. Amosite, or brown asbestos, is used as an insulation product in industrial, commercial and residential construction. Crocidolite, or blue asbestos, is primarily sourced in South Africa. Its main uses were the steam engine and pipe insulations as well as spray-on insulator coatings.

Similar materials, including winchite and richterite, are also mined from the ground. They’ve also been linked to asbestos-related diseases in miners and other workers.

Why Do Companies Use It?

Anyone involved in industrial manufacturing and construction using asbestos materials can attest to what a useful product it was thought to be.

When the first mine in North America opened in 1874 in Quebec, the industry believed they had found a revolutionary mineral that could drastically improve manufacturing operations and profitability.

It became an in-demand product, justifying its continued global extraction and distribution. Companies used, and continue to use, it for dozens of reasons. Primarily, it’s a strong, indestructible material that is impervious to fire, chemical exposure, water erosion or any other threats. It can hold up in virtually any environment and works as a natural insulator.

But there are other reasons why companies coveted the mineral, including:

• Low-Cost: To this day, it’s still a cheap material to extract, distribute and purchase. Unlike alternative products such as industrial plastics or other minerals, it doesn’t need to go through expensive refining and processing. The limited investment in turning it into an immediately workable product makes it a desirable material. Manufacturers can add it as an ingredient to their products like brake pads, clutches, tiles, roofing shingles for a low price and a high return on investment.
• Availability: It’s an abundantly available natural resource. The world’s largest mines were in North America, and it became a key export material for the entire continent’s economy. Despite the last mine being closed down in North America in 2011 in Quebec, countries like China and Russia continue to mine and export it.
• Weight: By nature, it’s exceptionally lightweight, making it easy to extract from the ground and even easier to transport. Because transportation and export costs are calculated by weight, it saves distributors on their overhead costs.
• Job Creation: Another reason why it was distributed so prolifically was due to it being a major economic catalyst for jobs. The real number of jobs directly and indirectly associated with its production is untold. However, a Canadian report indicated that in eastern Quebec, there was a region with three active mines that employed 6,200 workers in 1967. Factoring in the number of workers involved in the distribution, manufacturing and construction of asbestos-containing materials (ACM), the numbers of jobs it created is in the millions.
• Profitability: Production was and still is a hugely profitable industry. While the United States and Canada no longer mine it, both countries are still involved in facilitating the export of asbestos between countries where it hasn’t yet been banned or regulated. Additionally, Canada continues to import certain products, such as brake pads, that contain asbestos due to how profitable they are. The U.S. has still not banned it.
• Military Use: Sadly, one of the largest economic drivers of ACM production was through the United States, British and Canadian militaries. Considered the ideal military-grade material, it was used as a fire-retardant and insulator in virtually every military asset from ships, planes and vehicles to barracks, buildings and command posts. Its use exploded during World War II when military production ramped up. To this day, many of the world’s top militaries still have older assets that contain ACM and continue to expose military service members to health hazards.

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Many people wonder if it was so profitable, effective and readily available, why is it so controversial? The answer is relatively complex despite the irrefutable evidence to support claims against its use.

How Did I Get Exposed?

Anyone working around ACM is at risk of having inhaled or ingested fibers. It was used in residential, commercial and industrial construction throughout the 20th century.

Asbestos wrapped along pipes and electrical wires. It was added to tiles and shingles. It was used as an additive ingredient in cement products, paints, and glues. It was a leading product used to manufacture brake pads, clutches, and transmission parts. It was used to protect boilerplates and engines. It was even used in beer-making filtration systems.

Airborne particles settle on nearby surfaces, ready to be disturbed again. What’s worse is that in their airborne state, they can easily and unknowingly be inhaled or ingested through the nose or mouth of anyone in the area.

If you’re wondering if you’ve ever been exposed, consider these possible ACM products:

• Bricks
• Drywall
• Furnaces
• Paint
• Pipes
• Valves
• Roofing
• Plastics
• Welding Rods

Many products used at various worksites contained and housed dangerous ACM. Employees were exposed on a daily basis—some all day long. Some occupations presented a higher risk for exposure than others, and the majority of workers were unknowingly exposed.

In many countries, it’s the number one cause of workplace-related deaths. Sadly, it isn’t well-reported due to the decades-long latency period between exposure on the job and the development of fatal conditions.

It takes anywhere between 10 and 50 years for symptoms of mesothelioma, to develop after initial exposure.

Secondary Exposure

Though there is a huge risk of workers and veterans being exposed, there’s also another lesser-known threat—secondary exposure.

When particles become airborne, they can settle onto workers’ clothing, equipment, and personal items. When these contaminated items come home after work with the employee, it puts everyone who comes into contact with that person at risk as well.

There are many stories of family members—husbands, wives, and children—developing mesothelioma or other diseases due to the secondary exposure from someone in their home. Additionally, secondary exposure affected worksite visitors, office personnel and anyone else who may have been in or around a contaminated area.

What Happens After Exposure?

After someone has been exposed, they are at risk of developing asbestosis, mesothelioma or certain types of lung cancer. Developing an asbestos-related disease is often a prolonged process.

1. Exposure: Person inhales or ingests airborne fibers.
2. Fibers Become Trapped: If the person inhales or ingests the substance, the fibers can become lodged deep within the tissue lining that covers the lungs (pleura) or the abdomen (peritoneum). Once trapped in the tissue linings, the fibers can never be expelled.
3. Tissue Irritation and Inflammation: Over time, fibers irritate otherwise healthy tissues. This causes scarring to the tissues, which triggers inflammation and fluid buildup.
4. Asbestos-Related Diseases Form: Scarring itself is considered a disease—asbestosis. When scarring worsens, healthy cells may become triggered and mutate into cancer cells, resulting in lung cancer or mesothelioma.

With mesothelioma, this process can take anywhere between 10 and 50 years before noticeable symptoms develop. It’s possible that many people pass away of other causes before conditions like mesothelioma can be diagnosed.

Are Companies Still Using It?

If you’ve developed an illness as a result of exposure on the job, then you’re likely, and understandably, outraged at the negligence on the part of manufacturers. Many victims demand to know what the government has done about these unethical practices and whether or not the product has been banned.

Despite many legislative attempts, an outright ban in the United States has yet to come to fruition. At the state level, there have been many efforts to control or restrict  distribution. 

Companies still use, develop and import ACM products to this day in the United States and other developed nations.

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Learn More

Many advocates, policymakers, and influential political leaders have fought to increase awareness regarding the devastating health risks associated with this toxic material. Their commitment to this cause over the years has led to significant legal breakthroughs that have allowed the Federal government to establish avenues through which victims can seek compensation.

Read More About Laws and Bans

Seeking Compensation For Mesothelioma

As a victim of mesothelioma, you may be entitled to legal compensation by filing a claim against the companies at fault. The courts ordered companies to establish trust funds to help victims and their family members access the money they’re entitled to.

A mesothelioma lawyer can help you pursue legal action and ensure a higher chance of obtaining legal compensation. To find out more about claims, contact The Mesothelioma Justice Network today to speak with a claims advocate. Call us at (888) 360-4215 or request a FREE Mesothelioma Justice Guide to understand the steps involved in filing a claim.