Decorative Plaster

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From the 1940s to the 1980s, one of the most common materials used to build and surface interior walls and ceilings was that of decorative plaster. It was also quite popular to use this material in the construction of ornamental cornices, footings and moldings, as well as acoustic ceiling tiles and treatments found in older homes. The main issue with decorative plaster is the asbestos contained inside. If any wall, ceiling or fixture made with this material is damaged or deteriorated, it may release dust containing asbestos into the air. When inhaled, the dust lodges into the lungs and may cause mesothelioma or other asbestos-related diseases.

Decorative plaster is also referred to as acoustical plaster, quite prevalent in the 60s and 70s, which was sprayed onto the walls and ceilings, giving the room a textured finish that also had the ability to absorb sound. This type of work generally contained white asbestos, otherwise known as chrysotile asbestos, the least harmful form of this fiber used in construction. Though it was deemed less harmful, it still posed a danger to individuals when inhaled. A simple solution to contain the asbestos in this type of plaster work is to paint it. It binds the fibers to the walls and ceilings, stopping them from being cast into the air.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maintains that asbestos is not a danger to homeowners as long as it is contained properly. Only when these materials are disrupted will an individual have any cause for alarm as the asbestos fibers are only then airborne. So as long as the decorative plaster is in good shape, it does not pose any danger to the homeowner’s health and wellbeing. When homeowners do decide to remodel and are unsure of what actual materials makeup of their walls, ceiling and fixtures, the best way to approach this type of project is enlist the help of a trained professional with experience in asbestos management. They will understand the safest method to contain and remove damaged decorative plaster.

Of course, people who have worked with both decorative plaster and acoustical plaster over the years have a greater chance of contracting an asbestos-related disease. This would include anyone in the building construction, renovation and demolition businesses as many of the older homes are filled with not only decorative plaster work, but also boilers, pipes and insulation that may contain asbestos. While decorative plaster made with asbestos has since ceased production, there is still the potential of running across items that contain this toxic element.

'Decorative Plaster' Resources:
  1. Bloomington Township Department of Fire & Emergency Services. http://www.btfire.org/1_community_info_html/asbestos_exposure__risks__home.htm, Asbestos Exposure & Risks.
    Accessed: 05 March 2008.
  2. Miles Jr., John B. 21 April 1998 . Letter to Sally J. Lagomarisino, Supervisor Environmental Health and Safety. OSHA.gov. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.;
    Accessed: 05 March 2008.

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